Identification and Optimization of Mechanism-Based Fluoroallylamine Inhibitors of Lysyl Oxidase-like 2/3

J Med Chem. 2019 Nov 14;62(21):9874-9889. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01283. Epub 2019 Oct 16.

Abstract

Lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) is a secreted enzyme that catalyzes the formation of cross-links in extracellular matrix proteins, namely, collagen and elastin, and is indicated in fibrotic diseases. Herein, we report the identification and subsequent optimization of a series of indole-based fluoroallylamine inhibitors of LOXL2. The result of this medicinal chemistry campaign is PXS-5120A (12k), a potent, irreversible inhibitor that is >300-fold selective for LOXL2 over LOX. PXS-5120A also shows potent inhibition of LOXL3, an emerging therapeutic target for lung fibrosis. Key to the development of this compound was the utilization of a compound oxidation assay. PXS-5120A was optimized to show negligible substrate activity in vitro for related amine oxidase family members, leading to metabolic stability. PXS-5120A, in a pro-drug form (PXS-5129A, 12o), displayed anti-fibrotic activity in models of liver and lung fibrosis, thus confirming LOXL2 as an important target in diseases where collagen cross-linking is implicated.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amines / chemistry*
  • Amines / pharmacology*
  • Animals
  • Drug Design
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / chemistry*
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Protein-Lysine 6-Oxidase / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Triazoles / chemistry

Substances

  • Amines
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Triazoles
  • Protein-Lysine 6-Oxidase